Pourquoi les photos iPhone sont-elles en HEIC ? Le format d'Apple expliqué

Since iOS 11, iPhones default to HEIC format for photos. This change confused many users but has solid technical reasons.

Storage Savings: Half the Size, Same Quality

HEIC uses HEVC (H.265) compression — the same technology behind 4K Blu-rays. Compared to 30-year-old JPEG technology:

• Same quality → half the file size
• Same file size → significantly better quality

Example: A typical iPhone 14 photo is ~2.5 MB in HEIC. The same photo in JPEG would be ~5 MB.

The Real Reason: Live Photos

HEIC isn’t just for still images. It’s a container format that bundles:

┌─────────────────────────────────┐
│          HEIC Container         │
│                                 │
│  ✓ Still image (HEVC)          │
│  ✓ Live Photo video (~3 sec)   │
│  ✓ Depth map (Portrait mode)   │
│  ✓ Burst sequence              │
│  ✓ EXIF metadata               │
│                                 │
└─────────────────────────────────┘

JPEG can only hold a single image — it was designed in 1992, long before computational photography.

Which iPhones Use HEIC?

iPhone Model	Default Format	Can Switch?
iPhone 7 and later (iOS 11+)	HEIC	Yes
iPhone 6s and earlier	JPEG	N/A
All iPads (iPadOS 13+)	HEIC	Yes

Should You Switch to JPEG?

Keep HEIC if:

• You’re all-Apple (iPhone + Mac + iCloud)
• You need to save storage space
• You use iCloud Photos

Switch to JPEG if:

• You frequently transfer photos to Windows
• You use non-Apple photo editing software
• You share photos with Android users
• You upload to websites that don’t support HEIC

How to Change

Settings → Camera → Formats → “Most Compatible” = JPEG

Or keep HEIC and convert on-demand with heicgo.com.

Further Reading

• What Is a HEIC File? — format deep dive
• How to Convert HEIC to JPG on iPhone — on-device conversion
• iPhone Photo Storage Guide — manage HEIC storage efficiently